Noun and Verb Patterns

Root letters are placed into patterns (awzān) to produce words. The same pattern plays the same role across roots:

• The فَاعِل pattern marks the doer: كَاتِب (writer), عَالِم (knower)
• The مَفْعُول pattern marks the done: مَكْتُوب (written), مَعْلُوم (known)

When you tap a word in the reader, the grammar tag summarizes this: Noun, genitive and the like.

The structures you will meet most in the Quran:

1. Past tense verb: قَالَ (he said) — the Quran's most frequent verb
2. Present tense: يَقُولُ (he says)
3. Imperative: قُلْ (say!) — notably the surahs opening with "Qul"

Recognizing this trio makes following a verse's flow much easier.