Revelation context of the surah
Surah-wide
Surah al-Jumu'a is Medinan, revealed in the setting in which the Friday prayer was instituted in Medina. As related from Jabir ibn Abdullah in Bukhari and Muslim, while the Prophet was delivering the Friday sermon a trade caravan arrived and most of the congregation left the sermon for it; the final verse of the surah came down concerning this incident. The surah also addresses, through the example of the People of the Book, those who were given scripture yet failed to carry its obligations.
Buhârî ve Müslim rivayetleri; klasik tefsir mukaddimeleri