وَٱلسَّارِقُ وَٱلسَّارِقَةُ فَٱقْطَعُوٓا۟ أَيْدِيَهُمَا جَزَآءًۢ بِمَا كَسَبَا نَكَٰلًا مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ وَٱللَّهُ عَزِيزٌ حَكِيمٌ
[As for] the thief, the male and the female, amputate their hands in recompense for what they committed as a deterrent [punishment] from Allah. And Allah is Exalted in Might and Wise.
The penalty for theft and the Makhzumi woman
38Al-Wahidi records reports that this verse was revealed concerning a person who committed theft in the Prophet's time. In the famous incident in Bukhari illustrating the ruling's application, the Quraysh sought to have Usama b. Zayd intercede for a woman of the Banu Makhzum who had stolen; the Prophet rebuked him, saying, “Do you intercede concerning one of the punishments fixed by Allah?” He then declared, “Those before you were destroyed because when a noble among them stole they let him go, and when a weak one stole they punished him; by Allah, if Fatima the daughter of Muhammad stole, I would cut off her hand.”
Buhârî 3475; Müslim 1688; Vâhidî, Esbâbü'n-Nüzûl
Revelation context of the surah
Surah-wideAl-Ma'idah is Medinan and among the last surahs revealed; the predominant view places it in the period from after Hudaybiyyah up to the Farewell Pilgrimage. It emphasizes fidelity to covenants, dietary rulings, and assessments of the People of the Book, especially the Christians. The verse 'This day I have perfected your religion for you' is reported to have been revealed at Arafat during the Farewell Pilgrimage (10 AH).
Klasik tefsir mukaddimeleri; Buhârî rivayetleri; siyer kaynakları
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